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71.
72.
<正>Delivery of safe and pathogen-free drinking water is crucial to public health.However,there exist challenges to the maintenance of the sterility of drinking water throughout the drinking water distribution systems(DWDS).Microbial growth in DWDS,such as growth of opportunistic pathogenic microorganisms,can lead to severe health problems in consumers(Berry et al.,2006;Brettar and Hofle,2006;Lu et al.,2014;Zhang et al.,2015). 相似文献
73.
Lam KH Cai Z Wai HY Tsang VW Lam MH Cheung RY Yu H Lam PK 《Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)》2005,136(2):221-230
A previously unknown s-triazine species present in commercially available Irgarol-1051, a booster biocide additive in copper-based antifouling paints for the replacement of organotin-based antifoulants, has been identified in the coastal aquatic environment. After careful isolation, purification and characterization by high resolution MS-MS and (1)H NMR, the molecular structure of that unknown species is found to be N,N'-di-tert-butyl-6-methylthiol-s-triazine-2,4-diamine (designated as M3). Levels of Irgarol-1051, its major degradation product (M1) and the newly identified M3 in the coastal waters of Hong Kong, one of the world's busiest ports located in the southern coast of China, were monitored by SPME-GC-MS and SPME-GC-FID. Water samples from five locations within Hong Kong waters were analysed and the levels of Irgarol-1051, M1 and M3 were found to be 0.1-1.6 microg l(-1), 36.8-259.0 microg l(-1) and 0.03-0.39 microg l(-1), respectively. Our results indicate that M3 is relatively stable against photo- and bio-degradation and may pose considerable risk to primary producer communities in the coastal marine environment. 相似文献
74.
The sorption of cadmium, copper and zinc from aqueous solutions onto bone char has been studied in both single and binary multi-component systems. Equilibrium experimental studies have been performed to determine the sorption capacity of bone char for each metal ion. The isotherm results have been analysed using single and multi-component equilibrium models. The rate of sorption of the metal ions onto bone char has been studied using an agitated batch adsorber. The concentration versus time decay curves have been measured and a number of mass transfer models have been developed and tested based on diffusion controlled sorption. The results of the equilibrium and rate studies are presented and discussed in the paper. The possible mechanisms of metal sorption are also discussed. Finally a series of fixed bed column studies have been performed and analysed using a diffusion mass transport model. The experimental results show a displacement effect for the binary metal ion breakthrough curves. 相似文献
75.
Physical, chemical and microbiological characteristics of two 'keiwais' (brackish ponds built along the coastal area for shrimp cultivation) in the Mai Po Marshes, Hong Kong, were measured and compared. One keiwai, located closer to the domestic and agricultural areas, had lower shrimp production than the other. Physical, microbiological and most of the chemical parameters of two keiwais showed no significant difference, while the keiwai closer to the domestic and agricultural areas had higher biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5), and higher levels of phosphate (PO4(3-)-P) and cadmium (Cd2+). Results of the present study indicate that these keiwais were polluted by sewage discharged from nearby domestic, agricultural and industrial areas. The possibility that water received by the less polluted keiwai was purified by surrounding mangroves and sediments in the Mai Po Marshes is discussed. 相似文献
76.
Chang-Keun Kang Eun Jung Choy Yongsoo Son Jae-Young Lee Jong Kyu Kim Youngdae Kim Kun-Seop Lee 《Marine Biology》2008,153(6):1181-1198
Loss of macroalgae habitats has been widespread on rocky marine coastlines of the eastern Korean peninsula, and efforts for
restoration and creation of macroalgal beds have increasingly been made to mitigate these habitat losses. Deploying artificial
reefs of concrete pyramids with kelps attached has been commonly used and applied in this study. As a part of an effort to
evaluate structural and functional recovery of created and restored habitat, the macroalgal community and food web structure
were studied about a year after the establishment of the artificial macroalgal bed, making comparisons with nearby natural
counterparts and barren ground communities. Dominant species, total abundance, and community structure of macroalgal assemblage
at the restored macroalgal bed recovered to the neighboring natural bed levels during the study period. The main primary producers
(phytoplankton and macroalgae) were isotopically well separated. δ13C and δ15N values of consumers were very similar between restored and natural beds but varied greatly among functional feeding groups.
The range of consumer δ13C was as wide as that of primary producers, indicating the trophic importance of both producers. There was a stepwise trophic
enrichment in δ15N with increasing trophic level. A comparison of isotope signatures between primary producers and consumers showed that, while
suspension feeders are highly dependent on pelagic sources, invertebrates of other feeding guilds and fishes mainly use macroalgae-derived
organic matter as their ultimate nutritional sources in both macroalgal beds, emphasizing the high equivalency of trophic
structure between both beds. Isotopic signatures of a few mollusks and sea urchins showed that they use different dietary
items in macroalgal-barren grounds compared with macroalgal beds, probably reflecting their feeding plasticity according to
the low macroalgal biomass. However, isotopic signatures of most of the consumers at the barren ground were consistent with
those at the macroalgal beds, supporting the important trophic role of drifting algae. Our results revealed the recoveries
of the macroalgal community and trophic structure at the restored habitat. Further studies on colonization of early settlers
and the following succession progress are needed to better understand the process and recovery rate in the developing benthic
community. 相似文献
77.
Ganasan Eswhari Mohd Yusoff Hanis Azmi Alyza Azzura Chia Poh Wai Lam Su Shiung Kan Su-Yin Liew Rock Keey Venkateswarlu Katta Teo Chook Kiong 《Environmental Chemistry Letters》2023,21(1):525-538
Environmental Chemistry Letters - Metal nanoparticles have found applications in many fields such as molecular diagnostics, electronic devices and environmental remediation. Nonetheless,... 相似文献
78.
Chia Poh Wai Lim Ban Soon Yong Fu Siong Julius Poh Seng-Chee Kan Su-Yin 《Environmental Chemistry Letters》2018,16(4):1493-1499
Environmental Chemistry Letters - Bisenols and its derivatives are attractive heterocyclic compounds exhibiting a wide range of biological properties, including anticancer, antipyretic and... 相似文献
79.
Wei Seng Ng Choy Sin Lee Sit-Foon Cheng Cheng Hock Chuah Shew Fung Wong 《Journal of Polymers and the Environment》2018,26(7):2881-2900
Biodegradable polyester polyol was synthesized from oleochemical glycerol monostearate (GMS) and glutaric acid under a non-catalyzed and solvent-free polycondensation method. The chemical structure of GMS-derived polyester polyol (GPP) was elucidated by FTIR, 1H and 13C NMR, and molecular weight of GPP was characterized by GPC. The synthesized GPP with acid value of 3.03 mg KOH/g sample, hydroxyl value of 115.72 mg KOH/g sample and Mn of 1345 g/mol was incorporated with polyethylene glycol (PEG) and polycaprolactone diol (PCL diol) to produce a water-blown porous polyurethane system via one-shot foaming method. The polyurethanes were optimized by evaluating glycerol as a crosslinker, silicone surfactant and water blowing agent on tensile properties of polyurethanes. All polyurethanes underwent structural change, and crystalline hard segments of polyurethanes were shifted to higher temperature suggested that hard segments undergone re-ordering process during enzymatic treatment. In terms of biocompatibility, polyurethane scaffold produced by reacting 100% w/w of GPP with isophorone diisocyanate and additives showed the highest cells viability of 3T3 mouse fibroblast (94%, day 1), and MG63 human osteosarcoma (107%, day 1) and better cell adhesion as compared to reference polyurethane produced by only PEG and PCL diol (3T3 cell viability: 8%; MG63 cell viability: 2%). The current work demonstrated GPP synthesized from renewable and environmental friendly resources produced polyurethanes that allows improvement in physico-chemical, mechanical and biocompatibility properties. By blending with increasing content of GPP, the water-blown porous polyurethane scaffold has shown great potential as biomaterial for soft and hard tissue engineering. 相似文献
80.